Abstract: As the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas advances in depth, the deep integration of agriculture, culture, and tourism has become the core pathway for the transformation and upgrading of the cultural tourism industry. However, problems such as supply–demand mismatch, collaborative fragmentation, and lack of ecological closure in the cultivation of new-type agricultural talents have emerged as key bottlenecks constraining the revitalization of rural talents and the high-quality development of rural industries. This paper adopts the quadruple helix innovation theory (university–government–industry–science and technology correspondent) and the rural talent ecosystem theory as the core analytical frameworks. Employing case study, in-depth interviews, and institutional analysis, it takes Fujian Vocational College of Agriculture as an empirical case to systematically examine the practical dilemmas faced by agriculture-related higher vocational colleges in cultivating new-type agricultural talents. The study constructs a "School–government–enterprise + science and technology correspondent" ecosystem cultivation model oriented toward rural leisure tourism and rural creative industries (hereinafter referred to as "rural tourism and rural innovation"), featuring quadruple-agent synergy, full life-cycle cultivation, and closed-loop operation. The model clarifies the ecosystem's architectural logic, operational mechanisms, growth pathways, and governance rules. Through curriculum supply-side reform, integration of practical resources, reconstruction of benefit linkages, and embedded empowerment of science and technology correspondent, this cultivation model effectively addresses the structural deficiencies of traditional talent cultivation approaches and fosters a deeply coupled and benign interactive pattern among the talent chain, the horticultural industry chain, the rural tourism innovation chain, and the policy guarantee chain. The study not only enriches the theoretical system of rural talent cultivation but also provides a replicable and implementable practical paradigm for agriculture-related higher vocational colleges in the region to serve the upgrading of the horticultural industry and support the high-quality development of rural tourism and rural innovation.